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The faculties of the soul are the individual characteristics of a soul. There have been different attempts to define them over the centuries. ==Plato, Aristotle and their followers== Plato defined the faculties of the soul in terms of a three-fold division: the intellect (''noûs''), the nobler affections (''thumós''), and the appetites or passions (''epithumetikón'') Aristotle also made a three-fold division of natural faculties, into vegetative, appetitive and rational elements,〔Aristotle, ''Ethics'' (1976) p. 88-90〕 though he later distinguished further divisions in the rational faculty, such as the faculty of judgement and that of cleverness (deinotes).〔Aristotle, p. 218-222〕 Islamic philosophers continued his three-fold division;〔S. S. Hawi, ''Islamic Naturalism and Mysticism'' (1974) p. 151〕 but later Scholastic philosophers defined five groups of faculties:〔Faculties of the Soul〕 * dunámeis - the "vegetative" faculty (threptikón), concerned with the maintenance and development of organic life * the appetite (oretikón), or the tendency to any good * the faculty of sense perception (aisthetikón) * the "locomotive" faculty (kinetikón), which presides over the various bodily movements * reason (dianoetikón) 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Faculties of the soul」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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